• Creatine Monohydrate (3g).
• Amino Acids (L-Citrulline, Beta-Alanine as Carnosyn, N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine).
• Acidity Regulators (Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Tartaric Acid).
• Flavourings.
• L-Carnitine.
• Vitamins (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Nicotinamide, Calcium D-Pantothenate, Cyanocobalamin, Thiamin Hydrochloride, Cholecalciferol, Pteroylmonoglutamic Acid).
• Colours (Beetroot Red, Beta Carotene, Curcumin).
• Grapefruit Bioflavanoid Complex.
• Natural Caffeine (175mg).
• Colour (Lutein).
• Thickeners (Cellulose Gum, Xanthan Gum, Carrageenan).
• Anti-Caking Agents.
• Sweeteners (Sucralose, Acesulfame L).
• Root Extract Powder.

Ingredient Explanations

Creatine Monohydrate

Creatine is an organic compound produced in the body using various amino acids. It has several forms, and supplementation with creatine has regularly shown to increase strength, fat free mass, and muscle morphology with concurrent heavy resistance training more than resistance training alone. Creatine may also be beneficial in other types of exercise (e.g. endurance training), though the effects of creatine lessen as the exercise time increases. It is generally accepted that its supplementation increases creatine storage and promotes a speedier regeneration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) between high intensity exercises.

Amino Acids (L-Citrulline, Beta-Alanine as Carnosyn, N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine)

Amino acids are plentiful in pre-workout supplements. As the building blocks of protein, amino acids are are theorized to enhance performance in a variety of ways, such as increasing the secretion of anabolic hormones, modifying fuel use during exercise, preventing adverse effects of overtraining, and preventing mental fatigue.

L-Carnitine

L-Carnitine is a naturally occurring amino acid. It helps the body produce energy. L-Carnitine is important for heart and brain function, muscle movement, and many other body processes. ^[38].

Vitamins (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Nicotinamide, Calcium D-Pantothenate, Cyanocobalamin, Thiamin Hydrochloride, Cholecalciferol, Pteroylmonoglutamic Acid)

Vitamins (in particular B vitamins and those of similar ilk) help the body in numerous ways, least of all turning digested food into energy.

Grapefruit Bioflavanoid Complex

Though solid evidence is lacking, early research suggests that taking grapefruit pectin daily for 16 weeks decreases total cholesterol and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL or “bad”) cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL or “good”) cholesterol. Grapefruit also appears to reduce cholesterol, and increases weight loss in those who are overweight. It is yet to be seen if small amounts offer any benefit in supplements.

Natural Caffeine

Numerous studies have been conducted with the most essential ingredient of any pre-workout: our good friend caffeine. Its main benefits are as a stimulant, and its ability to delay fatigue. Caffeine has also been shown to have a potential glycogen-fighting effect during workouts, likely improving endurance. Many studies have confirmed an increased upper body strength, while still others have not seen the same results. Based on varying results, it appears that more research is needed to determine caffeine’s effectiveness in the area of strength and power performance. That said, there is no doubting caffeine’s inclusion in pre-workout supplements due to its fatigue-fighting properties.

Root Extract Powder (Ginseng)

Perhaps not the most powerful (or important) ingredient in pre-workout supplements, Panax ginseng does contain several active substances – many of them beneficial. The substances thought to be most important are called ginsenosides or panaxosides. Panax ginseng is often referred to as a general well-being medication, because it affects many different systems of the body.